Stoichiometry-Key Points

STOICHIOMETRY

KEY POINTS:

1. ACTUAL YIELD:

Actual yield is the amount of product actually obtained in a chemical reaction.

2. AVOGADRO'S NUMBER:

Avogadro's number is the number of atoms, molecules, or ions in one gram atom of an element, one gram mole of a compound, or one gram ion of an ionic substance.

3. LIMITING REACTANT:

Limiting reactants that which is present in a lesser amount than stoichiometric ratio and controls the amount of the products in a chemical reaction.

4. MOLAR VOLUME:

The volume occupied by one mole of an ideal gas at standard temperature and Pressure (S.T.P = 0 ^o C, `1atm) is 22.414 dm³ which is called the molar volume.

5. MOLE:

A quantity that contains Avogadro's number of particles i.e. atoms, molecules, ions, or formula unit is called a mole.

6. MOLECULAR FORMULA:

A chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms present in a molecule of a substance.

7. MOLECULAR IONS:

Those ions which are produced by the removal of one or more electrons(s) from the molecule of a substance are called molecular ions. They are mostly positive and rarely negative.

8. PERCENTAGE YIELD:

% yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical yield) X 100

9. RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS:

The relative atomic mass of an atom of an element is the mass as compared with the mass of one atom of carbon taken as twelve. It is expressed in a.m.u.

10. STOICHIOMETRY:

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.

11. THEORETICAL YIELD:

Theoretical yield is the amount of the product calculated from the balanced chemical equation.