Prepare 100 cm3 of 0.1 M NaOH/HCl solution from given 1M solution

 Abstract

This experiment aims to prepare 100 cm³ of 0.1 M NaOH/HCl solution from a given 1 M solution.

Introduction

The experiment involves diluting a concentrated solution of NaOH/HCl to obtain a desired concentration for further use. Dilution is a common technique used in analytical chemistry to adjust the concentration of solutions to the required level.

Experiment Details

Procedure:

1. Measure 10 cm³ of the 1 M NaOH/HCl solution using a graduated cylinder.
2. Transfer the measured solution into a 100 cm³ volumetric flask.
3. Add distilled water to the volumetric flask until the volume reaches the 100 cm³ mark.
4. Cap the volumetric flask and mix the contents thoroughly by inverting the flask several times.
5. The resulting solution in the volumetric flask is now 0.1 M NaOH/HCl solution.

Observations and Calculations:

Volume of 1 M solution used = 10 cm³

Volume of distilled water added = (100 - 10) cm³ = 90 cm³

Molarity of resulting solution = 0.1 M

Conclusion:

The experiment successfully prepared 100 cm³ of 0.1 M NaOH/HCl solution from the given 1 M solution through dilution.

Precautions:

• Handle concentrated solutions with care to avoid spills and splashes.
• Ensure proper labeling of containers to avoid confusion between solutions.
• Use clean and dry glassware to prevent contamination.
• Mix solutions thoroughly after dilution to ensure uniform concentration.

Short Questions

1. What is the purpose of diluting a solution?
   Answer: To adjust the concentration of the solution to a desired level.
2. Why is a volumetric flask used in dilution experiments?
   Answer: Volumetric flasks provide accurate volume measurements, essential for precise dilutions.
3. What is the significance of adding distilled water during dilution?
   Answer: Distilled water is added to adjust the volume of the solution without changing its concentration.
4. What precautions should be taken when handling concentrated solutions?
   Answer: Handle with care to avoid spills and splashes, use appropriate protective equipment, and work in a well-ventilated area.
5. Why is it important to mix the solution thoroughly after dilution?
   Answer: To ensure uniform distribution of solute and solvent, achieving a homogeneous solution.
6. How does the concentration of the resulting solution compare to the original solution in dilution?
   Answer: The concentration decreases in proportion to the dilution factor.
7. What is the role of a graduated cylinder in dilution experiments?
   Answer: It is used to measure precise volumes of solutions for dilution.
8. Why is it necessary to cap the volumetric flask during mixing?
   Answer: To prevent evaporation and contamination of the solution during mixing.
9. What is the formula to calculate the final concentration of the diluted solution?
   Answer: Final concentration = (Initial concentration × Initial volume) / Final volume.
10. What is the significance of proper labeling of containers in the laboratory?
    Answer: To prevent confusion and ensure accurate identification of solutions.
11. How does the accuracy of a dilution experiment affect the reliability of the results?
    Answer: Accurate dilutions are crucial for obtaining reliable experimental results and accurate data analysis.
12. What safety measures should be followed when working with corrosive solutions?
    Answer: Wear appropriate protective gear (e.g., gloves, goggles), work in a fume hood, and avoid skin contact with the solution.
13. What is the purpose of rinsing glassware before use in dilution experiments?
    Answer: To remove any residues or contaminants that may affect the accuracy of the experiment.
14. How does the precision of volume measurements impact the accuracy of dilution experiments?
    Answer: Precise volume measurements are essential for accurate dilutions and reliable results.
15. What are the consequences of inaccurate dilutions in analytical chemistry?
    Answer: Inaccurate dilutions can lead to incorrect analytical results, affecting data interpretation and experimental conclusions.
16. How does the temperature of the solutions affect the accuracy of dilution experiments?
    Answer: Temperature variations can affect the volume measurements and solubility of substances, leading to inaccuracies in dilution calculations.
17. What steps should be taken if spills or accidents occur during dilution experiments?
    Answer: Immediately clean up spills, follow proper waste disposal procedures, and report accidents to the supervisor.
18. How does the choice of solvent impact the dilution process?
    Answer: The choice of solvent affects the solubility of the solute and the final concentration of the solution.
19. Why is it important to use calibrated glassware in dilution experiments?
    Answer: Calibrated glassware ensures accurate volume measurements, essential for precise dilutions and reliable results.
20. What is the role of mixing in the dilution process?
    Answer: Mixing ensures uniform distribution of solute and solvent, achieving a homogeneous solution with consistent concentration.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is the purpose of diluting a solution?
   a) To increase the concentration
   b) To decrease the concentration
   c) To adjust the volume without changing the concentration
   d) To neutralize the solution
   Answer: c) To adjust the volume without changing the concentration
2. Which apparatus is used to measure precise volumes of solutions?
   a) Beaker
   b) Graduated cylinder
   c) Erlenmeyer flask
   d) Test tube
   Answer: b) Graduated cylinder
3. Why is it important to mix the solution thoroughly after dilution?
   a) To increase the concentration
   b) To decrease the concentration
   c) To ensure uniform distribution of solute and solvent
   d) To neutralize the solution
   Answer: c) To ensure uniform distribution of solute and solvent
4. What is the role of a volumetric flask in dilution experiments?
   a) To measure precise volumes of solutions
   b) To mix solutions thoroughly
   c) To adjust the concentration of solutions
   d) To dilute solutions to a desired volume
   Answer: d) To dilute solutions to a desired volume
5. Why should concentrated solutions be handled with care?
   a) They are less hazardous than diluted solutions
   b) They are highly reactive
   c) They are less likely to cause accidents
   d) They are easier to measure
   Answer: b) They are highly reactive