Abstract:
This experiment aims to investigate the magnetic field produced by a current carrying circular coil. The magnetic field lines are traced using a magnetic compass, and the relationship between the number of turns, current, and magnetic field strength is explored.
Introduction:
In this experiment, we study the magnetic field produced by a circular coil carrying an electric current. The phenomenon of electromagnetism, discovered by Hans Christian Oersted, states that an electric current produces a magnetic field around it. This experiment helps us visualize and understand the properties of magnetic fields generated by current-carrying conductors.
Detail of the Experiment:
The apparatus consists of a circular coil wound on a non-conducting cylindrical former. A DC power supply is used to provide a constant current to the coil. A magnetic compass is placed at various positions around the coil to trace the magnetic field lines.
Procedure:
- Set up the apparatus on a flat, non-magnetic surface.
- Connect the circular coil to the DC power supply.
- Turn on the power supply and adjust the current to the desired value.
- Place the magnetic compass at various points around the coil, keeping it perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
- Note the direction indicated by the compass needle at each position.
- Repeat steps 3-5 for different current values and positions around the coil.
Observations and Calculations:
To calculate the magnetic field strength at different points around the coil, we use the formula:
\[ B = \frac{{\mu_0 \cdot N \cdot I}}{{2 \cdot R}} \] Where: - \( B \) = Magnetic field strength - \( \mu_0 \) = Permeability of free space (\( 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \) T·m/A) - \( N \) = Number of turns in the coil - \( I \) = Current flowing through the coil (A) - \( R \) = Radius of the coil (m)Conclusion:
In conclusion, this experiment demonstrates the relationship between the current flowing through a circular coil and the magnetic field it produces. By tracing the magnetic field lines using a compass, we verified that the field strength is directly proportional to the current and the number of turns in the coil, and inversely proportional to the radius of the coil.
Precautions:
- Handle the electrical connections with care to avoid any short circuits.
- Ensure the compass is free from any magnetic interference.
- Keep the coil and compass away from ferromagnetic materials.
Short Questions:
- What is the principle behind the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying circular coil?
- How does the magnetic field strength vary with the number of turns in the coil?
- What factors affect the strength of the magnetic field produced by a circular coil?
- How can you increase the strength of the magnetic field produced by a circular coil?
- What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength?
- Explain the right-hand grip rule.
- How does the orientation of the circular coil affect the direction of the magnetic field?
- What happens to the magnetic field strength as you move away from the center of the circular coil?
- What is the role of the magnetic compass in this experiment?
- What is the significance of using a non-conducting cylindrical former for the coil?
- How does the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying circular coil affect nearby magnetic materials?
- What is the relationship between the radius of the coil and the magnetic field strength?
- Can you describe the magnetic field lines around a current-carrying circular coil?
- What effect does increasing the current flowing through the coil have on the magnetic field?
- How does the presence of nearby ferromagnetic materials affect the magnetic field?
- Explain the concept of permeability in relation to magnetic fields.
- What is the direction of the magnetic field inside the coil?
- How does the shape of the magnetic field lines change with increasing current?
- Explain the difference between a solenoid and a circular coil.
- How does the strength of the magnetic field produced by a circular coil change with distance from the coil?
Answer: The magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor is produced due to the flow of electric charge, following the right-hand grip rule.
Answer: The magnetic field strength is directly proportional to the number of turns in the coil.
Answer: The factors affecting the magnetic field strength include the current flowing through the coil, the number of turns in the coil, and the permeability of the medium.
Answer: The strength of the magnetic field can be increased by increasing the current flowing through the coil or by increasing the number of turns in the coil.
Answer: The SI unit of magnetic field strength is Tesla (T).
Answer: The right-hand grip rule states that if the right hand fingers are curled in the direction of the current flow in a conductor, the thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field around the conductor.
Answer: The direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the current flow in the coil and the orientation of the coil with respect to the observer.
Answer: The magnetic field strength decreases as you move away from the center of the circular coil.
Answer: The magnetic compass is used to trace the magnetic field lines produced by the current-carrying circular coil.
Answer: Using a non-conducting cylindrical former prevents electrical short circuits and ensures that the current flows only through the coil.
Answer: The magnetic field can induce magnetization in nearby magnetic materials and cause them to align with the field.
Answer: The magnetic field strength is inversely proportional to the radius of the coil.
Answer: The magnetic field lines form concentric circles around the coil, with the direction of the field determined by the direction of current flow.
Answer: Increasing the current increases the strength of the magnetic field produced by the coil.
Answer: Ferromagnetic materials can distort the magnetic field lines and affect the accuracy of the measurements.
Answer: Permeability is a measure of a material's ability to support the formation of magnetic fields within itself. It affects the strength of the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying coil.
Answer: The direction of the magnetic field inside the coil depends on the direction of current flow and the orientation of the coil.
Answer: With increasing current, the magnetic field lines become denser and closer together, indicating a stronger magnetic field.
Answer: A solenoid is a long, tightly wound coil with multiple turns, while a circular coil is a single-turn coil in the shape of a circle.
Answer: The strength of the magnetic field decreases with increasing distance from the coil, following an inverse square law.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):
- What determines the strength of the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying circular coil?
- Voltage
- Resistance
- Current and number of turns
- Temperature
- What happens to the magnetic field strength if the radius of the coil is doubled?
- It doubles
- It halves
- It remains the same
- It quadruples
- Which rule is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor?
- Left-hand rule
- Right-hand grip rule
- Newton's third law
- Ohm's law
- What effect does increasing the current through a circular coil have on the magnetic field strength?
- It decreases
- It increases
- It remains the same
- It fluctuates
- Which factor does NOT affect the magnetic field strength around a current-carrying circular coil?
- Number of turns
- Current
- Radius of the coil
- Length of the conductor